The age crisis is a special, relatively short in time (usually up to 1 year) period of development, which is characterized by dramatic psychological changes. Crisis refers to the normative processes that are necessary for normal progressive development.
Features of children's crises
For almost all parents, there may come a time when their children begin to do the opposite. They may ignore requests, scatter newly assembled toys, scream, or even try to fight. These signs indicate the onset of a crisis age.
Children's age is inherent: crisis of 1 year, crisis of 3 years, crisis of 6-7 years, teenage crisis (from 10 to 11 years). The chronological limits of these periods are very blurred, and the form, time of flow and their severity depend on the individual, social conditions, and family upbringing.
By the end of the third year of life, the child realizes himself as a constant source of various desires and actions, which is separated from others. This is being done under the influence of growing practical independence. Children begin to master the ability to perform various actions without the support of their parents, acquiring the simplest self-service skills. As a result, they understand that it is they who perform the relevant actions. They now speak of themselves not in the third, but in the first person.
A child at the age of three begins to separate himself from other people. He is aware of his growing possibilities, which leads to the formation of a new attitude towards adults. A three-year-old child compares himself with adults, wants to be just like them. He wants to carry out their actions with the same independence and autonomy. Such a desire to "become big" children want to realize at the same moment, which is clearly expressed through the desire for independence and the opposition of their own desires to the desires of adults.
Manifestations of the crisis of three years
The duration of the crisis of the age of three depends on the chosen model of parenting. This is influenced by the characteristics of the mental development of the child and his personality. For this reason, if adults can adequately behave with a capricious baby, then the crisis will be less painful.
Among the symptoms of a crisis of 3 years of age, one can distinguish:
📍Negativism,
📍Stubbornness
📍Willfulness
📍Depreciation,
📍Despotism,
📍Stubbornness, etc.
With an acute manifestation of the crisis, children refuse to do what adults ask him to do. This happens not for the reason that he does not want it, but only because he was asked about it. If adults use an authoritarian parenting style, bouts of negativism can be provoked.
Stubbornness is such a reaction of the child when he begins to insist on something, not because he really wants it, but because he demanded it. The most striking example is when a child asks in a store to buy him another toy. Having brought it home, he plays for a short time and never returns to it.
In the process of depreciation, a three-year-old loses the value of old attachments to things or people. For example, he often begins to use swear words that are not customary to speak in this family. He tears books and breaks toys, although this behavior has not been noticed before.
Despotism as a quality of a crisis of 3 years is rarely observed. It is most often manifested in families in which one child is brought up. In general, the “crisis of three years” is a protest of a child who demands independence. He outgrows the norms and forms of guardianship formed at an early age.
The reasons for negativism are often represented by the wrong behavior of parents. Thus, authoritarian families in which children's initiative is limited are more likely to face tantrums and conflict clashes. The crisis phase will be more acute if parents begin to abuse prohibitions and punishments.
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